Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)
Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is the final and the seal to the prophets of Allah (God) to this world. Muslims do NOT worship Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) as god but only worship Allah the Al-Mighty which was the message of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). Also Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) is NOT the author of the Holy Quran but only that Allah sent down the Holy Quran through Jibreel (Gabriel) to the Prophet as guidance to life for all mankind. The short biography of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) is only a very short synopsis of his life.
Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) was born in Mecca at time of great ignorance and violence. His father passed away before his birth and his mother died when he was only a child so his uncle took care of him during most of his childhood. He was a man who had never been taught to read or write but was considered a very trustworthy merchant by the people at the time before his prophethood. He would continually go to the mountains in the area to meditate and ask questions such why is there so much injustice and violence, and what is the reason of man on earth. One glorious day the angel Jibreel (Gabriel) commanded by Allah (God) came to the Prophet and commanded Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) to recite "Proclaim(read) ! In the name of thy Lord and Cherisher, Who created- Created man, out of a (mere) clot of congealed blood: Proclaim! And thy Lord is Most Bountiful,- He Who taught (the use of) the pen,- Taught man that which he knew not" (Quran 96:1-5).
After this occurrence and many other afterward he revealed his prophethood to the people of Mecca who were worshipers of idols and gods of their ancestors. He began to spread the message of one God and justice for all people regardless of color, ethnicity, gender, or wealth. The message began to spread with the people of Mecca but the leaders of Mecca did not like the religion of their ancestors to be challenged by his message of one God and justice for all. So they began to persecute him and his followers physically and mentally.
So the Prophet decided to leave Mecca for the safety of his followers and himself as he was invited by the people of an oasis area called Yathrib, today it is called Medina to be their uniting leader. The migration of the Prophet from Mecca to Medina was a big occasion in his life called the Hijrah. During this time his followers to Islam grew exponentially. But the leaders of Mecca hated Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) and would sent forces to attack the Muslims and disrupt the life and trade for the people living in Medina and surrounding area.
So Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) decided to take a large force to put an end to the attacks and open Mecca to all Muslims. So when he reached Mecca he was allowed to enter the gates of Mecca without much resistance. But the Prophet entered Mecca in a humble manner because he knew the victory was for Allah and was granted only by the will of Allah. Then the Prophet broke all the idols surrounding the Kaba and circled around the Kaba seven times. After this he pardoned every single man, woman, and child an act that was unheard of in the Arabian Peninsula. Many of those people converted to Islam because of his compassion. Then Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) returned to his city of Medina where he passed away and was buried in the city.